Indian Evidence Act, 1872

• Chapter 1: Preamble in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section1– Short title, extent and Commencement in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section2– Repeal of enactments in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section3– Interpretation clause in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section4– Presumption and Proof in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
• Chapter 2 – Of the Relevancy of Facts in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section5– Evidence may be given of facts in issue and relevant facts in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section6– Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section7– Facts which are the occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section8– Motive, preparation and previous or subsequent conduct in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section9– Facts necessary to explain or introduce relevant facts in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section10– Things said or done by conspirator in reference to common design in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section11– When facts not otherwise relevant become relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section12– In suits for damages, facts tending to enable Court to determine amount are relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section13– Facts relevant when right or custom is in question in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section14– Facts showing existence of state of mind, or of body or bodily feeling in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section15– Facts bearing on question whether act was accidental or intentional in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section16– Existence of course of business when relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section17– Admission defined in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section18– Admission by party to proceeding or his agent by suitor in representative character in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section19– Admissions by persons whose position must be proved as against party to suit in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section20– Admissions by persons expressly referred to by party to suit in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section21– Proof of admissions against persons making them, and by or on their behalf in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section22– When oral admissions as to contents of documents are relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section22A– When oral admission as to contents of electronic records are relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section23– Admissions in civil cases, when relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section24– Confession caused by inducement, threat or promise, when irrelevant in criminal proceeding in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section25– Confession to police officer not to be proved in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section26– Confession by accused while in custody of police not to be proved against him in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section27– How much of information received from accused may be proved in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section28– Confession made after removal of impression caused by inducement, threat or promise relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section29– Confession otherwise relevant not to become irrelevant because of promise of secrecy, etc in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section30– Consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section31– Admissions not conclusive proof, but may estop in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section32– Cases in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc., is relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section33– Relevancy of certain evidence for proving, in subsequent proceeding, the truth of facts therein stated in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section34– Entries in books of account including those maintained in an electronic form when relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section35– Relevancy of entry in public record or an electronic record made in performance of duty in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section36– Relevancy of statements in maps, charts and plans in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section37– Relevancy of statement as to fact to public nature, contained in certain Acts or notifications in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section38– Relevancy of statements as to any law contained in law-books in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section39– What evidence to be given when statement forms part of a conversation, document, electronic record, book or series of letters or papers in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section40– Previous judgments relevant to bar a second suit or trial in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section41– Relevancy of certain judgments in probate, etc., jurisdiction in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section42– Relevancy and effect of judgments, orders or decrees, other than those mentioned in section 41 in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section43– Judgments, etc., other than those mentioned in sections 40 to 42, when relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section44– Fraud or collusion in obtaining judgment, or incompetency of Court, may be proved in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section45– Opinions of experts in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section46– Facts bearing upon opinions of experts in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section47– Opinion as to handwriting, when relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section47A– Opinion as to digital signature when relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section48– Opinion as to existence of right or custom, when relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section49– Opinion as to usages, tenets, etc., when relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section50– Opinion or relationship, when relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section51– Grounds of opinion, when relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section52– In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section53– In criminal cases, previous good character relevant in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section53A– Evidence of character or previous sexual experience not relevant in certain cases.1 in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section54– Previous bad character not relevant, except in reply in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section55– Character as affecting damages in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
• Chapter 3 – Facts Which Need Not be Proved in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section56– Fact judicially noticeable need not be proved in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section57– Facts of which Court must take judicial notice in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section58– Facts admitted need not be proved in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
• Chapter 4: Of Oral Evidence in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section59– Proof of facts by oral evidence in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section60– Oral evidence must be direct in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
• Chapter 5: Of Documentary Evidence in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section61– Proof of contents of documents in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section62– Primary evidence in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section63– Secondary evidence in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section64– Proof of documents by primary evidence in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section65– Cases in which secondary evidence relating to documents may be given in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section65A– Special provisions as to evidence relating to electronic record in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section65B– Admissibility of electronic records in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section66– Rules as to notice to produce in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section67– Proof of signature and handwriting of person alleged to have signed or written document produced in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section67A– Proof as to digital signature in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section68– Proof of execution of document required by law to be attested in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section69– Proof where no attesting witness found in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section70– Admission of execution by party to attested document in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section71– Proof when attesting witness denies the execution in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section72– Proof of document not required by law to be attested in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section73– Comparison of signature, writing or seal with others admitted or proved in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section73A– Proof as to verification of digital signature in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section74– Public documents in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section75– Private documents in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section76– Certified copies of public documents in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section77– Proof of documents by production of certified copies in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section78– Proof of other official documents in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section79– Presumption as to genuineness of certified copies in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section80– Presumption as to documents produced as record of evidence in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section81– Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, private Acts of Parliament and other documents in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section81A– Presumption as to Gazettes in electronic forms in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section82– Presumption as to document admissible in England without proof of seal or signature in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section83– Presumption as to maps or plans made by authority of Government in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section84– Presumption as to collections of laws and reports of decisions in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section85– Presumption as to power-of-attorney in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section85A– Presumption as to electronic agreements in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section87– Presumption as to books, maps and charts in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section88– Presumption as to telegraphic messages in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section88A– Presumption as to electronic messages in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section89– Presumption as to due execution, etc. of documents not produced in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section90– Presumption as to documents thirty years old in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section90A– Presumption as to electronic records five years old in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
• Chapter 6 – Of the Exclusion of Oral or Documentary Evidence in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section91– Evidence of terms of contracts, grants and other dispositions of property reduced to form of document in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section92– Exclusion of evidence of oral agreement in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section93– Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend ambiguous document in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section94– Exclusion of evidence against application of document to existing facts in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section95– Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section96– Evidence as to application of language which can apply to one only of several persons in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section97– Evidence as to application of language to one of two sets of facts, to neither of which the whole correctly applies in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section98– Evidence as to meaning of illegible characters, etc in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section99– Who may give evidence of agreement varying term of document in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section100– Saving of provisions of Indian Succession Act relating to wills in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
• Chapter 7 – Of the Burden of Proof in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section101– Burden of proof in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section102– On whom burden of proof lies in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section103– Burden of proof as to particular fact in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section104– Burden of proving fact to be proved to make evidence admissible in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section105– Burden of proving that case of accused comes within exceptions in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section106– Burden of proving fact especially within knowledge in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section107– Burden of proving death of person known to have been alive within thirty years in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section108– Burden of proving that person is alive who has not been heard of for seven years in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section109– Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section110– Burden of proof as to ownership in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section111– Proof of good faith in transactions where one party is in relation of active confidence in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section111A– Presumption as to certain offences in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section112– Birth during marriage, conclusive proof of legitimacy in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section113– Proof of cession of territory in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section113A– Presumption as to abetment of suicide by a married woman in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section113B– Presumption as to dowry death in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section114– Court may presume existence of certain facts in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section114A– Presumption as to absence of consent in certain prosecutions for rape.1 in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
• Chapter 8 – Estoppel in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section115– Estoppel in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section116– Estoppel of tenant; and of licensee of person in possession in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section117– Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee or licensee in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
• Chapter 9 – Of Witnesses in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section118– Who may testify in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section119– Witness unable to communicate verbally. in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section120– Parties to civil suit, and their wives or husbands. Husband or wife of person under criminal trial in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section121– Judges and Magistrates in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section122– Communications during marriage in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section123– Evidence as to affairs of State in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section124– Official communications in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section125– Information as to commission of offences in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section126– Professional communications in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section127– Section 126 to apply to interpreters, etc in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section128– Privilege not waived by volunteering evidence in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section129– Confidential communications with legal advisers in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section130– Production of title-deeds of witness not a party in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section131– Production of documents or electronic records which another person, having possession, could refuse to produce in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section132– Witness not excused from answering on ground that answer will criminate in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section133– Accomplice in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section134– Number of witnesses in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
• Chapter 10 – Of the Examination of Witnesses in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section135– Order of production and examination of witnesses in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section136– Judge to decide as to admissibility of evidence in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section137– Examination-in-chief in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section138– Order of examinations in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section139– Cross-examination of person called to produce a document in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section140– Witnesses to character in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section141– Leading questions in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section142– When they must not be asked in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section143– When they may be asked in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section144– Evidence as to matters in writing in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section145– Cross-examination as to previous statements in writing in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section146– Questions lawful in cross-examination in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section147– When witness to be compelled to answer in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section148– Court to decide when question shall be asked and when witness compelled to answer in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section149– Question not to be asked without reasonable grounds in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section150– Procedure of Court in case of question being asked without reasonable grounds in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section151– Indecent and scandalous questions in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section152– Questions intended to insult or annoy in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section153– Exclusion of evidence to contradict answers to questions testing veracity in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section154– Question by party to his own witness in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section155– Impeaching credit of witness in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section156– Question tending to corroborate evidence of relevant fact, admissible in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section157– Former statements of witness may be proved to corroborate later testimony as to same fact in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section158– What matters may be proved in connection with proved statement relevant under section 32 or 33 in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section159– Refreshing memory in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section160– Testimony to facts stated in document mentioned in section 159 in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section161– Right of adverse party as to writing used to refresh memory in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section162– Production of documents in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section163– Giving, as evidence, of document called for and produced on notice in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section164– Using, as evidence, of document production of which was refused on notice in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section165– Judge’s power to put questions or order production in Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Section166– Power of jury or assessors to put questions in Indian Evidence Act, 1872