Q1: 1. What is the primary cause of earthquakes?

• A) Volcanic eruptions
• B) Tectonic plate movement
• C) Climate change
• D) Human activities

Q2: 2. Which process is responsible for the formation of mountains?

• A) Erosion
• B) Volcanism
• C) Plate convergence
• D) Glaciation

Q3: 3. What is a landslide?

• A) Rapid movement of water down a slope
• B) Sudden collapse of a volcano
• C) Downward movement of rock and soil on a slope
• D) Formation of a new coastline

Q4: 4. How do glaciers contribute to shaping the Earth's surface?

• A) By causing earthquakes
• B) By eroding rocks and carving valleys
• C) By creating deserts
• D) By increasing sea levels

Q5: 5. What is a common effect of coastal erosion?

• A) Expansion of beaches
• B) Formation of sand dunes
• C) Loss of land and property
• D) Increase in marine biodiversity

Q6: 6. Which natural disaster is characterized by a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust?

• A) Flood
• B) Tsunami
• C) Earthquake
• D) Tornado

Q7: 7. How do human activities contribute to soil erosion?

• A) By planting trees
• B) By practicing sustainable agriculture
• C) By deforestation and overgrazing
• D) By conserving water resources

Q8: 8. What is a major consequence of deforestation on the environment?

• A) Increase in biodiversity
• B) Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions
• C) Soil erosion and loss of habitat
• D) Preservation of ecosystems

Q9: 9. How does climate change impact glaciers?

• A) By causing glacier expansion
• B) By accelerating glacier melt
• C) By decreasing sea levels
• D) By increasing snowfall

Q10: 10. What is a potential consequence of rising sea levels due to climate change?

• A) Decrease in coastal flooding
• B) Expansion of coral reefs
• C) Loss of coastal habitats
• D) Increase in agricultural productivity

Q11: 11. How do volcanoes contribute to the formation of new land?

• A) By causing earthquakes
• B) By emitting greenhouse gases
• C) By releasing lava and ash
• D) By promoting soil erosion

Q12: 12. What is a common effect of soil erosion on agriculture?

• A) Increase in crop yields
• B) Soil fertility improvement
• C) Decline in agricultural productivity
• D) Expansion of arable land

Q13: 13. How do rivers contribute to shaping the Earth's surface?

• A) By causing earthquakes
• B) By depositing sediments
• C) By reducing erosion
• D) By increasing desertification

Q14: 14. What is a common consequence of urbanization on the environment?

• A) Reduction in air pollution
• B) Increase in green spaces
• C) Urban heat island effect
• D) Preservation of wildlife habitats

Q15: 15. How does the process of weathering contribute to landforms?

• A) By causing earthquakes
• B) By breaking down rocks
• C) By promoting erosion
• D) By forming glaciers

Q16: 16. What is a common cause of desertification?

• A) Reforestation
• B) Overgrazing
• C) Sustainable land management
• D) Decrease in global temperatures

Q17: 17. How does the process of erosion impact coastal landscapes?

• A) By increasing beach erosion
• B) By reducing cliff collapse
• C) By promoting sediment deposition
• D) By preventing coastal flooding

Q18: 18. What is a common effect of soil compaction on agriculture?

• A) Improvement in soil fertility
• B) Increase in water infiltration
• C) Decline in crop yields
• D) Promotion of root growth

Q19: 19. How do tsunamis differ from regular ocean waves?

• A) Tsunamis are caused by wind
• B) Tsunamis have shorter wavelengths
• C) Tsunamis travel at high speeds
• D) Tsunamis are less destructive

Q20: 20. What is a common impact of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems?

• A) Increase in coral reef growth
• B) Decline in shellfish populations
• C) Expansion of fish habitats
• D) Preservation of marine biodiversity

Q21: 21. How does the process of deposition contribute to landform formation?

• A) By causing earthquakes
• B) By removing sediments
• C) By shaping river valleys
• D) By eroding coastlines

Q22: 22. What is a common consequence of land subsidence?

• A) Increase in groundwater levels
• B) Reduction in flood risk
• C) Sinkhole formation
• D) Expansion of wetland habitats

Q23: 23. How does the process of glaciation shape mountain landscapes?

• A) By causing earthquakes
• B) By promoting soil erosion
• C) By carving U-shaped valleys
• D) By increasing desertification

Q24: 24. What is a common effect of deforestation on climate change?

• A) Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions
• B) Increase in forest biodiversity
• C) Acceleration of global warming
• D) Preservation of carbon sinks

Q25: 25. How do human activities contribute to air pollution and its impact on the environment?

• A) By planting more trees
• B) By reducing industrial emissions
• C) By burning fossil fuels
• D) By promoting sustainable transportation