Q1: 1. What is the primary crystalline structure of steel?

• A) Cubic
• B) Tetragonal
• C) Hexagonal
• D) Orthorhombic

Q2: 2. Which material property is defined as the resistance to deformation under applied load?

• A) Hardness
• B) Toughness
• C) Ductility
• D) Elasticity

Q3: 3. Which type of bonding is typically found in ceramics?

• A) Metallic
• B) Covalent
• C) Ionic
• D) Van der Waals

Q4: 4. What property of a material indicates its ability to absorb energy without fracturing?

• A) Brittleness
• B) Hardness
• C) Toughness
• D) Elasticity

Q5: 5. Which material property refers to the maximum stress a material can withstand without permanent deformation?

• A) Yield strength
• B) Ultimate tensile strength
• C) Elastic modulus
• D) Fatigue strength

Q6: 6. What type of material has a distinct yield point on its stress-strain curve?

• A) Brittle material
• B) Ductile material
• C) Elastomeric material
• D) Composite material

Q7: 7. Which factor primarily determines the hardness of a metal alloy?

• A) Crystal structure
• B) Ductility
• C) Porosity
• D) Elasticity

Q8: 8. What property of a material describes its ability to be stretched without breaking?

• A) Hardness
• B) Elasticity
• C) Ductility
• D) Toughness

Q9: 9. Which type of material has a stress-strain curve that exhibits a linear relationship between stress and strain?

• A) Elastic material
• B) Plastic material
• C) Brittle material
• D) Ductile material

Q10: 10. What does the modulus of elasticity measure in a material?

• A) Resistance to deformation
• B) Ability to absorb energy
• C) Stiffness
• D) Resistance to fracture

Q11: 11. Which material property is crucial for components subjected to repeated loading and unloading?

• A) Hardness
• B) Toughness
• C) Fatigue strength
• D) Elasticity

Q12: 12. What is the primary contributing factor to the electrical conductivity of metals?

• A) Atomic bonding
• B) Crystal structure
• C) Grain size
• D) Alloying elements

Q13: 13. Which material property refers to the ability of a material to resist scratching or abrasion?

• A) Ductility
• B) Toughness
• C) Hardness
• D) Elasticity

Q14: 14. What type of material behavior is exhibited by rubber bands when stretched?

• A) Elastic
• B) Plastic
• C) Brittle
• D) Ductile

Q15: 15. Which material property is crucial for materials used in high-temperature applications?

• A) Thermal conductivity
• B) Thermal expansion
• C) Thermal resistance
• D) Thermal stability

Q16: 16. What is the primary factor influencing the ductility of a material?

• A) Crystal structure
• B) Alloy composition
• C) Grain boundaries
• D) Heat treatment

Q17: 17. Which property of a material is essential for components operating under fluctuating temperature conditions?

• A) Thermal conductivity
• B) Thermal expansion
• C) Thermal fatigue resistance
• D) Thermal stability

Q18: 18. What type of material is characterized by a significant amount of plastic deformation before failure?

• A) Brittle material
• B) Ductile material
• C) Elastomeric material
• D) Composite material

Q19: 19. Which material property is important for components subjected to impact loads?

• A) Yield strength
• B) Toughness
• C) Fatigue strength
• D) Elastic modulus

Q20: 20. What factor primarily affects the fatigue strength of a material?

• A) Crystal structure
• B) Surface finish
• C) Alloy composition
• D) Heat treatment

Q21: 21. Which material property is crucial for components operating in corrosive environments?

• A) Ductility
• B) Toughness
• C) Corrosion resistance
• D) Elasticity

Q22: 22. What type of bonding is prominent in polymers?

• A) Metallic
• B) Covalent
• C) Ionic
• D) Van der Waals

Q23: 23. Which material property is important for components subjected to high-temperature cyclic loading?

• A) Creep resistance
• B) Hardness
• C) Elasticity
• D) Ductility

Q24: 24. What type of material is characterized by having a combination of different materials with distinct properties?

• A) Homogeneous material
• B) Isotropic material
• C) Composite material
• D) Amorphous material

Q25: 25. Which material property is crucial for components subjected to high-velocity impacts?

• A) Yield strength
• B) Toughness
• C) Hardness
• D) Elastic modulus